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"Spilsbury, Louise"
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How to survive in the Arctic and Antarctica
Provides information on how to survive if stranded in the polar regions, including staying warm, finding food and water, and keeping clear of cracks and crevasses.
Book
Association between antihypertensive medicine use and risk of ovarian cancer in women aged 50 years and older
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has few modifiable risk factors. There is evidence that some antihypertensive medicines may have cancer preventive and/or therapeutic actions; therefore, we assessed the associations between use of different antihypertensive medicines and risk of specific EOC histotypes.
Our nested case-control study of linked administrative health data included 6070 Australian women aged over 50 years diagnosed with EOC from 2004 to 2013, and 30,337 matched controls. We used multivariable conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between ever use of each antihypertensive medicine group, including beta-adrenergic blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, and alpha blockers, and the risk of EOC overall and separately for the serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell and other histotypes.
We found that most antihypertensive medicines were not associated with risk of EOC. However, women who used calcium channel blockers had a reduced risk of serous EOC (OR= 0.89, 95 % CI:0.81,0.98) and use of combination thiazide and potassium-sparing diuretics was associated with an increased risk of endometroid EOC (OR= 2.09, 95 % CI:1.15,3.82).
Our results provide little support for a chemo-preventive role for most antihypertensives, however, the histotype-specific associations we found warrant further investigation.
•Most antihypertensive medicines were not associated with ovarian cancer risk.•Use of calcium channel blockers were associated with decreased risk of serous ovarian cancers.•Thiazide/potassium-sparing diuretics doubled the risk of endometrioid ovarian cancer.
Journal Article
Get active!
Describes how to get active, enjoy exercise, and keeping the body healthy, including identifying which foods provide energy, why water is important, and which exercises are best for the heart.
Book
Risk of high-grade serous ovarian cancer associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, parity and breast cancer
•Increased risk of high-grade serous ovarian cancer with pelvic inflammatory disease.•No detectable increase in risk with infertility or endometriosis.•Increased risk associated with a personal history of breast cancer.•Reduced risk with increased parity but not in women with breast cancer.
Ovarian carcinoma is not a single disease, but rather a collection of subtypes with differing molecular properties and risk profiles. The most common of these, and the subject of this work, is high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC).
In this population-based study we identified a cohort of 441,382 women resident in Western Australia who had ever been admitted to hospital in the State. Of these, 454 were diagnosed with HGSC. We used Cox regression to derive hazard ratios (HRs) comparing the risk of disease in women who had each of a range of medical diagnoses and surgical procedures with women who did not.
We found an increased risk of HGSC associated with a diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.04–2.07) but not with a diagnosis of infertility or endometriosis with HRs of 1.12 (95% CI 0.73–1.71) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.55–1.22) respectively. A personal history of breast cancer was associated with a three-fold increase in the rate of HGSC. Increased parity was associated with a reduced risk of HGSC in women without a personal history of breast cancer (HR 0.57; 95% CI 0.44-0.73), but not in women with a personal history of breast cancer (HR 1.48; 95% CI 0.74–2.95).
Our finding of an increased risk of HGSC associated with PID lends support to the hypothesis that inflammatory processes may be involved in the etiology of HGSC.
Journal Article
Coastal treasure hunter
Waves wash all sorts of things from the sea onto the coast. People find many treasures on coasts around the world. You might find shells and colorful fishing floats, creatures from the deep sea, or even jewels and coins from ancient shipwrecks.
Book
The association between diabetes mellitus of different durations and risk of pancreatic cancer: an Australian national data-linkage study in women
The bidirectional association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and pancreatic cancer (PC) is established; however, the strength of association between duration of DM and risk of PC needs further investigation.
We conducted a case-control study nested within a population-based cohort of Australian women established using record linkage. Women diagnosed with PC from July 2007 to December 2013, were matched to five controls based on age and state of residence. DM was defined according to prescription of anti-diabetic medication from administrative prescription data. We used conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for area-level socioeconomic status, rurality of residence, weighted comorbidity score, and predicted probability of obesity.
The analyses included 7,267 cases and 35,978 controls. The mean age at the time of DM diagnosis was 71 years whereas the mean age at the time of diagnosis of PC was 76 years. A history of DM of any duration was associated with a 2-fold increase in risk of PC (OR=2.12; 95%CI:1.96–2.29) compared to having no history of DM. The risk decreased with increasing duration of DM. The highest risk was in those who had recent-onset DM (OR=8.08; 95%CI:6.88–9.50 for <12 months of DM), but the risk remained elevated with ≥5 years of DM (OR=1.40; 95%CI:1.27–1.55).
The markedly increased risk of PC in those with recent-onset DM emphasises the need for further research to distinguish patients for whom new-onset DM is a manifestation of PC from those with type-2 DM. The elevated risk associated with long-standing DM suggests that preventing DM may contribute to a reduction in the incidence of PC.
•There is limited data about the association between pancreatic cancer (PC) and diabetes mellitus (DM) of different durations, particularly DM of very short duration (<3 months).•We found a marked difference in risk of PC according to duration of DM with extremely high risk for DM of <12 months duration.•The associations between PC and DM of duration <3 months and 3 to <6 months were particularly strong; these could not be explained by detection bias.•The elevated risk of PC was evident even with DM of 10 or more years.•Differentiating high-risk new-onset DM secondary to PC from those with type 2 DM will provide a potential avenue for early detection of PC.
Journal Article
Tips for public speaking
\"The ability to speak in front of an audience is a crucial skill in school, career, and life. Both the content of a good speech and the ways to conquer stage fright are examined in this guide to public speaking. Helpful tips in fact boxes, bulleted lists, and a colorful design will appeal to readers.\"--Amazon.com.
Book
World wars and globalization, 1914-2010
Describes the major wars of the 20th century, the dismantling of European empires, global economic activity and technological advances.
Book